Bio XII 3.1.1
Chapter: Human Health and Diseases
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Q. 1. Define health as per WHO norms.
Q. 2. Enlist and briefly describe the three categories of disorders which affect human health.
Q. 3. Define the terms:
Infectious disease, Pathology, Pathogen, Epidemic, Endemic Disease, Pandemic Disease, Latent Period, Antibiotic, Antibody, Antigen, Vaccine, Toxin, Carrier and Vector.
Q. 4. In tabular form write name of causal organism, symptoms and mode of infection of following diseases:
Typhoid, Pneumonia, Common cold, Malaria, Anoebiasis, Ascariasis, Elephantasis & Ringworm.
Q. 5. Name the vector which spreads dengue and chickenguniya?
Q. 6. With the help of a diagram show life cycle of Plasmodium vivax.
IMMUNITY
Q. 1. Enlist-the four types of barriers which constitute innate immunity. Give examples of each type.
Q. 2. Differentiate between humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity?
Q. 3. What are interferons?
Q. 4. What is colostrum? Which type of antibodies are abundant in it.
Q. 5. Differentiate between innate and acquired immunity.
Q. 6. Draw labelled diagram of an antibody molecule.
Q. 7. Differentiate between active and passive immunity. Suggest one examples of each.
Q. 8. What is the importance of lymphoid organs?
Q. 9. What do you mean by primary and secondary immune response?
Q. 10. How secondary immune response is different from primary response?
Q. 11. Differentiate between primary and secondary lymphoid organs? Give examples also.
Q. 12. What are various types of antibodies produced in human body?
Q. 13. Define allergy. Name a few allergens. Write common symptoms of allergies.
Q. 14. Name a few autoimmune diseases in human.
HIV/AIDS
Q. 1. Expand: (i) AIDS (ii) HIV (iii) ELISA
Q. 2. When and where was aids first detected in India?
Q. 3. Explain the causal organism of AIDS.
Q. 4. What are various modes of transmission of AIDS/HIV?
Q. 5. Illustrate the mechanism of replication of retrovirus with the help of a flow chart / diagram.
Q.6. What are retroviruses? What are their unique features?
Q. 7. Which cells are destroyed by HIV?
Q. 8. Name any two diagnostic tests for AIDS / HIV.
Q. 9. Write a few measures to protect ourself from HIV infection.
CANCER
Q. 1. What do you mean by cancer?
Differentiate between benign tumour and malignant tumour.
Q. 2. Define terms: metastasis, carcinogen, Proto-oncogenes
Q. 3. Name a few carcinogens.
Q. 4. Name the clinical methods of cancer diagnosis.
Q. 5. Name the three methods of treatment of cancer. Briefly describe in which situation a particular method is used.
DRUGS AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
Q. 1. Name the plant, its family, and parts which are used to extract each one of the following drugs: Opoids Cannabinoids Cocain
Q. 2. What do you understand by the term "Drug abuse".
Q. 3. Some drugs used to cure depression & insomnia are misused. Give examples of four of such drugs.
Q. 4. What is the effect of nicotine on adrenal gland?
ADOLESCENCE
Q. 1. Define adolescence.
Q. 2. Which period of human life is called adolescence?
Q. 3. Enlist a few factors which lead to drug abuse in adolescents.
Q. 4. What do you mean by withdrawal syndrome?
Q. 5. Enlist the various physical, psychological, social and economic consequences of alcohol and drug abuse on a person.
Q. 6. Which disease is caused by prolong and excessive use of alcohol?
Q. 7. Name the body organs organs are affected by alcoholism.
DOPING
Q. 1. Name a few categories of drugs/ chemicals which are used in doping by athletes in sports.
Q. 2. Enlist some side effects of drug abuse and doping on the health of female athletes.
Q. 3. Enlist some side effects of drug abuse and doping on the health of male athletes
Q. 4. Briefly write the five measures to prevent and control the alcohol and drug abuse among adolescents.
Q. 5. Expand:
PMNL AIDS HIV MALT ELISA CMI NACO
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